Updated: September 13, 2025
A G2 (moderate) geomagnetic storm is forecasted to peak on Sunday night, September 14, 2025, continuing into the early hours of Monday, September 15. This event is linked to a coronal hole on the Sun, which is sending a fast-moving stream of solar wind toward Earth.
What Is a Geomagnetic Storm?
A geomagnetic storm occurs when charged particles from the Sun interact with Earth’s magnetic field. These storms can lead to auroral displays, commonly known as the Northern Lights or Aurora Borealis, which produce colorful light patterns in the night sky. The intensity of the storm is measured on a scale from G1 (minor) to G5 (extreme), with G2 being moderate, capable of producing visible auroras at lower-than-usual latitudes.
Where Will the Northern Lights Be Visible?
During this storm, the Northern Lights are expected to be visible in high-latitude regions, including:
United States: Northern states such as Alaska, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Montana, Michigan, and parts of New England.
Canada: Provinces like Ontario, British Columbia, Alberta, and the Northwest Territories.
Lower-latitude areas, such as southern US states or countries further south, are unlikely to see visible auroras.
Viewing Tips
To maximize your chances of witnessing the auroras:
1. Choose a dark location away from city lights to reduce light pollution.
2. Face north and keep your eyes adjusted to the dark.
3. Monitor space weather forecasts using resources like the NOAA Aurora Dashboard.
4. Check local weather conditions, as cloud cover can obstruct visibility.
5. Peak viewing times are typically between 10 PM and 2 AM local time.
Additional Effects of Geomagnetic Storms
While the main highlight is the aurora, geomagnetic storms can sometimes affect technology and infrastructure:
Satellite Communications: Temporary disruptions or signal delays may occur.
GPS Systems: Navigation systems may experience minor inaccuracies.
Power Grids: In higher-latitude regions, fluctuations can affect sensitive equipment.
G2 storms generally cause only minor, temporary disruptions, but it is always wise for sensitive operations to monitor alerts.
Scientific Significance
This solar storm is caused by a coronal hole, which is an area on the Sun’s surface where the magnetic field opens into space. These holes allow high-speed solar wind to escape, traveling toward Earth at speeds exceeding 600 km/s. Such interactions between the solar wind and Earth’s magnetosphere create the beautiful auroral light shows.
Summary
Event: G2 (moderate) geomagnetic storm
Peak: Sunday night, September 14, 2025
Best Viewing Regions: Northern United States and Canada
Best Viewing Time: 10 PM to 2 AM local time
This event offers a unique opportunity to witness one of nature’s most spectacular displays. Even for those who cannot see the auroras directly, following updates provides a chance to understand and appreciate how solar activity affects our planet.
Stay Updated: For real-time space weather updates, visit the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center.